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SIR SAMUEL WHITE BAKER
CYPRUS AS I SAW IT IN 1879
page 371 View PDF version of this page circular chain or ladder of twenty feet diameter will contain about twenty jars of three gallons each— equalling a delivery of about two and a half gallons per jar, as there is generally a loss of water during the movement ; therefore one complete revolution of the wheel would deliver fifty gallons into the reservoir.
The wheel is turned by a simple contrivance of wooden cogs and drivers, worked by a long revolving lever, to which, for a powerful machine such as I have described, a pair of mules or oxen would be necessary. A child sits upon the pole or lever and keeps the animals to their work.
There is no specified limit to the depth at which
this instrument can work, as it must depend upon the
length of chain and the number of jars, which of
course increase the weight and strain upon the
machinery and animals. In Cyprus, where the water
is generally near the surface, the advantages are ob
vious, and I feel convinced that no modern invention
is so well adapted for the Cypriote cultivator.
The cost of erection of such a machine complete,
together with the sinking of the pit, is calculated, at an
average of localities, as £12) a pair of oxen will
cost £10 : thus the water-wheel in working order will
amount to £22. One wheel will irrigate eighty
donums, or about forty acres of cereals, but the same
instrument would only suffice for about six acres or
garden ground, which requires a more constant supply
of water. It may therefore be understood that in
calculating the power of a water-wheel, various con
ditions must be considered, and I shall confine myself
to the farm, upon which it will be necessary to establish
one water-wheel or sakyeeah for every forty acres ;
this entails a first outlay of eleven shillings per acre,
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